Helping someone diagnosed with schizophrenia

It can be really hard to see someone you care about experiencing symptoms of schizophrenia. You may not know how to react.

But there are some things you can do to try and help.

 

Be patient

You may feel like you want to find answers. But remember that schizophrenia can affect communication. They may speak less, or have less interest in things they used to enjoy. And things they say might not make sense to you.

It's ok if they're not ready to talk right now. You can offer support in other ways.

Listen to their needs

Listen to their experiences, and ask them what would help.

People may want different support at different times. You could offer some practical help, such as to help them find an advocate.

They might find it difficult to reach out for support. They may be scared of being judged or stigmatised. It can help if they feel able to talk about how they're feeling in a calm, safe space.

Remind them of what you like about them

A diagnosis of schizophenia doesn't change everything about who someone is. They may act in ways they don't understand or seem difference, but try to remember this is because they're unwell. They may struggle with their identity and how they see themselves. It can be reassuring to remind them of the good things you see in them.

Learn more about symptoms of schizophrenia

People who have a schizophrenia diagnosis can have a range of different symptoms. They may have to deal with other people's misconceptions, as well as their own mental health problem.

Educating yourself can help you to challenge stigma. Our information about schizophrenia may help.

Know what to do if they have a psychotic episode

Seeing someone we care about become unwell can be very difficult, frustrating or frightening.

If someone is hearing or seeing things that you don't, they might feel angry, anxious or confused about why you don't share their beliefs.

They might become aggressive, distressed or withdrawn. They may be reluctant to accept help, or may not understand that they're unwell. This can sometimes make it hard to communicate with them. Particularly if they're acting in a way that frightens or worries you.

If this happens:

• Do your best to stay calm
• Try not to take their reactions personally
• Use plain language and short sentences when talking to them
• Try to make the surrounding environment safe
• Help them to do grounding exercises
• Support them with how they are feeling, rather than confirming or challenging their reality

Try to set clear boundaries and expectations

Some people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia can find it difficult to set and maintain boundaries. It may help to both know where the boundaries of your relationship are and what you expect from each other.

You could agree how you expect to speak to each other and what you're able to help them with.

Agreeing this could help you both deal with difficult feelings and situations. For example, any fears of rejection or abandonment.

Plan for a crisis

They might struggle to talk about their experiences, or feel like they can't open up. This means they may become very unwell before you realise they need help.

They also might not be able to recognise that they need help.

When they're well, talk to them about the things that might help them if they feel unwell again. If you're worried about them having a mental health crisis, you could suggest that they use a crisis plan, if they have one, or you can create one together.

Talk to healthcare professionals

If you're someone's carer, you should be able to talk to their doctor and healthcare team. They can also talk to you about your needs as a carer.

Even if the person you're caring for doesn't want their medical details to be shared, you should still be able to ask for basic advice.

Seeing someone you care about becoming unwell can be distressing and frightening.

You may have had to take on more responsibilities, so have less time to do things for yourself. You may also be struggling with finances or notice changes in your own physical and emotional wellbeing.

Find out more about how to cope when supporting someone else.

How do I know if it's an emergency?

You may be worried that your family member or friend is becoming very unwell. In these situations it can be difficult to know when they need emergency support.

For example:

• If they start having hallucinations or delusions relating to hurting themselves or others
• If they stop looking after themselves in a way that risks their health or wellbeing

If you see these signs it means they may need urgent help. This can be scary, but you can help get them the right support.

If someone is threatening to harm themselves or other people, call 999.